From divided to united: Science-backed ways to heal America’s political rift

In the wake of recent elections, political polarization in America has been a major topic of discussion. While some argue that bridging the divide between opposing sides is a lost cause, research-backed strategies suggest otherwise. Nonprofit organizations and experts have identified several proven techniques to foster understanding and reduce partisanship among Americans.

The Power of Intergroup Contact

One effective method for reducing polarization is intergroup contact, which involves engaging with individuals who hold different political views. This concept, known as the contact hypothesis, has been shown to reduce prejudice and foster greater understanding between groups. By creating opportunities for meaningful interactions, people can break down stereotypes and develop empathy for those with differing opinions.

Perspective-Taking

On an individual level, perspective-taking offers another powerful tool. This approach involves carefully considering and even writing down the viewpoints of others on a particular issue. Studies have demonstrated that this method can significantly reduce bias and promote mutual understanding. Reflecting on another person’s perspective helps to humanize opposing views and diminish the “us vs. them” mentality.

Common Goals: The Superordinate Approach

Psychology provides another key to reducing polarization through the creation of superordinate goals—shared objectives that transcend political differences. Focusing on commonalities, such as community improvement or national progress, fosters collaboration and empathy among individuals with differing beliefs. History has shown that when people unite around a common goal, barriers of partisanship become less significant.

Practical Steps to Reduce Polarization

Americans seeking to overcome division can apply these strategies in everyday life:

1. Engage in social groups that include people from across the political spectrum.
2. Practice perspective-taking by actively considering and documenting opposing viewpoints on important issues.
3. Identify shared goals and commonalities that unite, rather than divide, communities.

While polarization remains a significant challenge, these evidence-based approaches offer hope for mending divides and fostering a more cohesive society. By taking small, intentional steps, individuals can contribute to a more empathetic and understanding America.